The functions and applications of box-type substations
The functions and applications of box-type substations
I. Core Definitions and Functions
Box-type substation (referred to as box-type substation) is a compact complete set of distribution equipment that integrates high-voltage switchgear, distribution transformers and low-voltage distribution devices in a closed box. It is suitable for three-phase AC systems with a rated voltage of 10/0.4kV. The main functions include:
Electric energy conversion: Achieve voltage transformation from 10kV high voltage to 380V low voltage;
Power distribution control: Centralized management of power distribution and protection;
Space-saving: It occupies only 1/4 to 1/3 of the space of a traditional substation.
🔧 2. Mainstream types and structural characteristics
European-style box transformer (YB type)
The structure: The high-voltage room, transformer room and low-voltage room are arranged in a "目" (目) or "品" (品) shape, and the three rooms are independently separated.
Shell: Double-layer sealed design (metal/non-metal), protection grade ≥IP33, dust-proof and moisture-proof;
Heat dissipation: Natural ventilation + temperature-controlled forced exhaust system, with an insulation layer on the top cover.
High-voltage configuration: Optional SF6 load switch or vacuum switch, compatible with ring network power supply.
2. American-style box transformer (ZGS type)
Structure: The load switch, fuse and transformer coexist in the oil tank, making the volume smaller (1/5 to 1/3 of the European style).
Protection: Dual protection with high-voltage fuse and backup fuse, and a molded case circuit breaker is used on the low-voltage side.
Disadvantages: Inconvenient for maintenance (no visible disconnection point), and an additional low-voltage protection cabinet is required.
3. Trend of New Type box-type transformers
Miniaturized intelligent box-type transformer: High integration, supports remote monitoring (" Four Remote "function);
Underground type/prefabricated cabin type: Suitable for special environments (such as landscape areas);
Anti-collision design: A new patent for a lifting protective frame has been added to enhance outdoor safety.
🌍 III. Core application scenarios
Urban public facilities: residential communities, commercial centers, parks and stations (mainly European-style box-type transformers);
Industrial field: Temporary construction power supply for mines, oil fields, and factories (American-style box-type transformers are easy to move);
Emergency power supply: Post-disaster reconstruction, power guarantee for large-scale events;
New energy supporting facilities: Photovoltaic power station voltage boosting and grid connection (dedicated photovoltaic box transformer).
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